History of Education, up until 1965 ish.

Greeks created how we teach today. Even though there are multiple intelligences, particular ones (Math, Music, Grammar, Spatial reasoning, Astronomy, Philosophy, rhetoric)had specific emphasis. Nowadays, when we provide kids with "classical education," these items are what we have our students focus on. Science, Psychology, and Algebra are all within the spheres of what Greeks originally taught.

"School is good enough for the best and cheap enough for the poorest." Henry Barnard, Father of American School administration. Editor of American Journal of Education.

Growth of Education
-state Boards and Superintendents of Education
-local school boards and superintendents
-secondary school movement
-compulsory attendance laws
-higher education development- dartmouth college case
-Morrill Land-Grant act
-Junior colleges
-Higher education for women
-Education of Native Americans- Miriam report of 1928
-Education of minority groups (Hispanic, Asian, African Americans)

Although education for everyone is a wonderful thing, Native Americans were unfairly treated. White America tried to assimilate Native Americans into the dominant white culture, while attempting to wipe out tribal cultures. What America failed to recognize is to wipe out your culture and your pride in your people, is to wipe out your identity. Now Americans are attempting to foster the growth of these cultures.

Education for minority groups such as Latinos, Asians and African Americans came later. People such as Booker T. Washington, and W.E.B. DuBois brought education for minorities out.

Pre 1960's
America, being idiots yet again, put a immigration restriction. People were afraid of the undesirable "racial stock." (Italy, Poland, Russia, Austria-Hungary).*sighs* Then America changed from an agrarian to an industrial population during civil war to WWI. (wonder if the dust bowl helped out with that?) Because of these things, tremendous demands were put on education to adapt and change.

A man named John Dewey rejected old, rigid subject-centered curriculum in favor of child-centered curriculum. Kids learned through experience, not through rote memorization. Children were given freedom to develop naturally, were motivated by interest to work, teacher worked as a guide and not as an enforcer, and child development was researched.

In the 1960's- Era of Social Unrest
-New mathematics and science curriculums were developed (Sputnik, space race)
-Ungraded schools and Open classrooms
-Coleman report- "poverty and family education prevented some children from learning no matter what schools could do."
-Individual Prescribed Instruction (IPI)
-Programmed texts in reading and math (teaching out of textbooks.)
-Teacher proof curriculum (curriculum that students could learn no matter how bad/good teachers were)(taught to standardized test)
- Compensatory reading and arithmetic programs
-Social unrest and demonstrations
-Legislative enactments, elementary and secondary education act of 195 (ESEA) TITLE ONE.